Investment Strategies Employed by McDonald's Essay

The struggle for personal identity Essay Example For Students

The battle for individual character Essay The battle for individual character Essay The theme I have decided for my examination exposition is that of Personal Identity. We have gone over this subject in numerous accounts that we have done in the course. Various creators have dealt with this topic in an alternate manner and by investigating this we will have the option to perceive what individual personality intends to individuals. The connection among self and society is basically fierce and the battleground on which this battle is battled by character. Set forth plainly, personality is simply the observation by others, tested by the social world (Fontana Kotarba, 1984, pp. In The Wifes Story, the creator Bharati Mukherjee takes a gander at the topic of Personal Identity in regard to the Indian Culture. The fundamental character in the story, Panna, leaves her family so as to get a Ph.D. This is seen when she says Ive made it. Im making a big deal about my life. Ive left home, my better half, to get a Ph.D. in a custom curriculum (Meyer, 1997, pp. 424) She is presented toward the Western world and is battling between her Indian personality and the one of the Western World. She is making a decent attempt to situate herself in this world. She needs to acknowledge the American culture, and yet she wouldn't like to lose her Indian perspectives. She wouldn't like to follow the customary traditions where the spouse remains at home and is either mishandled by the husband or by her parents in law. Pannas look for character can likewise be seen when her better half stays with her from India. He doesn't care for when she spruces up in western garments and convers es with other men. Panna doesn't endorse of her spouses thinking, however she despite everything needs to satisfy him. With him she needs to imagine that nothing has changed. She realizes that things have changed, however she needs to do everything to cause him to accept something else. Along these lines she is battling in the whole story. The following creator whose work we are going to take a gander at is James Joyce of Eveline. In this story the creator has treated the topic of individual personality in regard to the affection for families. In the accompanying story, the principle character, Eveline, originates from a family where the dad is extremely predominant. Her mom has kicked the bucket and on the deathbed, Eveline guaranteed her that she would deal with the family. In her psyche, she believes that the main explanation she is remaining with such her prevailing dad is a result of the guarantee she made to her mom. She wouldn't like to forsake her family. Simultaneously she is battling to frame a self personality. She gets an opportunity to leave from her family and structure her very own personality. She is befuddled about what to do. At long last she chooses her family realizing that they love her as well and that is the place she can be best recognized. Kaluger (1984, pp. 261) says that during the distinguishing proof stage, kids for the most part react to individuals whom they love or who have some attribute or force that they respect. Kids increase a suspicion that all is well and good by relating to a more seasoned individual whom they love, in whom they have total certainty and trust. Martin luther ruler jr. EssayBy taking a gander at the above stories, it is seen that the principle characters are looking for their own personality. They all are looking for themselves and are extremely confounded and battling. They need to accomplish there objectives, regardless of what comes in their direction. By taking a gander at the various stories it tends to be seen that for one to pick up the genuine character, the person in question needs to confront the general public as well as themselves as well. In the event that they can acknowledge who they truly are and conquered their feelings of dread instead of professing to be another person or fleeing from their apprehensions, they can locate their own personality. ReferencesFontana, Andrea, Kortarba, Joseph A. (1984) The Existential Self In Society. London: The University of Chicago Press, pp. 11. Kaluger, George, Kaluger Meriem F. (1984) Human Development The Span of Life. Columbus: Merrill Publishing Company, pp. 261. Meyer, Bruce. (1997). The Stories-Contemporary Short Fiction Written in English. Scaroborough: Prentice-Hall Canada Inc, 301-305, 421-443.

10 Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs

10 Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs What are great entrepreneurs made of? If you’ve ever thought about becoming an entrepreneur, then you need to possess and develop few characteristics.Below are ten traits and qualities successful entrepreneurs have, and tips on how you can get those too. #1. UNENDING PASSION“Enthusiasm is the sparkle in your eyes, the swing in your gait, the grip of your hand and the irresistible surge of will and energy to execute your ideas.” â€" Henry FordIt might seem like a cliché but being an entrepreneur isn’t just a smooth ride to success. If you want to succeed and to be happy in life, you need to do things that make you smile and not cry. Every good entrepreneur has a tremendous passion for what they are doing â€" for changing the world with their products and services.It might sound crazy but passion is the reason entrepreneurs get up in the morning. It provides people with motivation, movement and resilience. You won’t be stuck in the rut if you have passion â€" you won’t be fazed by problems.If you have the drive to keep going, you’ll keep moving forwards and you’ll be more creative in finding solutions. Passion also means you stay hungry as an entrepreneur because it ensures you don’t settle.Your passion to succeed and to create a great product or service means you’ll continue to learn and seek answers â€" ensuring you improve as an entrepreneur in the process.How to find your passion?Start by creating a simple list of things you love. What things give you the most joy in life? What are the actions, the people, the emotions and the things you enjoy the most?Don’t think what you think you want to do but what you actually enjoy doing. If money and fame were out of the equation, what would make you get up in the morning and put a smile on your face?If you think about the issue like this, then you can start understanding where your passion is rather than focusing on where you think it should be.#2. THE ABILITY TO STAY MOTIVATED“Success is walking from failure to failure with no loss of enthusiasm.” â€" Winston ChurchillThe life of an entrepreneur can be hard and no matter how passionate you are, sometimes getting out of bed might seem overwhelming. But the successful entrepreneurs do it â€" th ey stay motivated even when times get tough. A great entrepreneur is the one who encounters a problem and still keeps moving forward because they are driven.You need to also understand that the road of an entrepreneur can be lonely. The world’s greatest entrepreneurs haven’t relied on others to motivate them. They are able to self-motivate and to find the fire inside them each morning.How to motivate yourself?Motivation takes focus. The quick way to increase both is to start setting clear goals. You can find stunning tips for goal setting in the video below: The key is to make the goals small and tangible. Small in the sense that you break down a bigger goal â€" such as launching your own business â€" to smaller goals â€" setting up a website, finding a partner, etc. You also need the goals to be tangible. For example, becoming an entrepreneur is not as a tangible goal as launching a cosmetic shop online (although you are doing the same thing in both situations).Make sure you ta ke time to reward yourself for accomplishing tasks. It doesn’t have to be anything huge â€" a new book, a date with your spouse or a five-minute nap can be just as motivating as a huge, expensive holiday.It also helps to surround yourself with other high-achievers. If you don’t have other entrepreneurs around you or people with big goals, you might find yourself drifting away from these ideals.It’s important to be with like-minded people (not those who agree with you on everything, but who have similar values and goals). It can help you solve problems when the going gets tough if you have examples of other people doing the same.Finally, it helps to listen to your passion and to allow it to guide you. If you are passionate about what you do, you’ll almost automatically feel motivated to get up and work each morning.#3. WILLINGNESS TO TAKE AND TO TOLERATE RISK“Security is mostly superstition. It does not exist in nature, nor do the children of men as a whole experience it. A voiding danger is no safer in the long run than outright exposure. Life is either a daring adventure or nothing.” â€" Helen KellerSuccessful entrepreneurs are those who take risks. Setting up a business from nothing is a risk in itself â€" if that makes you lose sleep, then you are going to end up burning out in the next months. You need to see risks as part of the job description and to be able to navigate the risky world of business in style.These entrepreneurs understand the difference between calculated risks and mindless risk. They know risks will be part of the game but by taking their chances, they can succeed quicker than if they just sat around waiting for the right moment (which almost never comes!).To succeed, you can’t let the odds to rule â€" you need to know when to take the risks and when to avoid them.How to become better at tolerating risks?What can you do to become better at tolerating risks? The best thing to do is to keep learning. Learn about being an entrep reneur, your industry, the taxes, human behavior and everything out there. The more knowledge you have, the better equipped you are at taking risks. You limit the chances of making a mistake because you are able to trust your knowledge.Furthermore, you need to become better at creating backup plans. The risks you take are easier to handle when you know there’s a Plan B. You won’t feel scared or nervous during the process because you know there is a backup to fall to â€" something to keep you going even when you don’t first succeed.#4. BEING ABLE TO GET ALONG AND TO LEAD PEOPLE“A leader is one who knows the way, goes the way and shows the way.” â€" John C. MaxwellSuccess never comes to people who do it all on their own. Every successful person on this planet can and should thank other people for helping them achieve those goals.The difference with many successful entrepreneurs is they don’t just have these people in their life but they also get along with them and lead th em to better things. Entrepreneurs are great at elevating others while still acknowledging the importance of other people in their own success story.Entrepreneurs genuinely like people and they want to surround themselves with other high-achieving people. You need to have that networking bug and a real desire to keep in touch with people.You should be a person who cares about other people and likes to help them. It also helps when you know how to get people on your side and working towards the common goal â€" a successful entrepreneur is always a great leader too.How to network and lead more effectively?It’s essential to start treating people with kindness and compassion. But you can’t really fake this; you actually have to care about solving problems for others and helping them succeed. If you got this empathy and compassion, you are on the right track.But you can learn to be better at networking and leading. It’s a good idea to start networking as part of your everyday sched ule. You can do this by:Schedule a networking hourThis should be an hour or two of your time spent just on networking.Do it at least three times a week.Connect with the people you knowUse the time to connect with those people.Send e-mails, make phone calls and organise meetingsThe key here is to make sure you stay in touch with people around the year and not just when you need something. You can’t just talk to those who are useful for you at that point in time. It’s crucial to be available for those who need you so that they can help you when you need it.In terms of leadership, it’s important to find your voice. Consider checking out the leadership post for more.#5. OPENNESS TO CHANGE“Some people don’t like change, but you need to embrace change if the alternative is disaster.” â€" Elon MuskThe world is constantly changing and this applies to the world of business. The different industries out there are transforming â€" technology is one of the major reasons for the chan ge. For entrepreneurs, the key is to adapt to the change quick enough. Trying to fight against change would be a huge mistake.If you don’t have an open mind in the modern world, you are likely to miss out on opportunities. You can’t look the changing world around you and think you’re way is the only way of doing it.A successful entrepreneur is always looking for new ways of doing things. If you understand change is inevitable then you can succeed in the world of business.How to become adapted to change?Change is not always easy. But you need to view it as an opportunity rather than a problem or threat. Sometimes change seems bad at the outset and it’s painful. But it mostly leads to something better â€" it always opens up a new opportunity even if you can’t see it straight away.It’s a good idea to become better at dealing with change by forcing yourself to new situations. If you willingly seek out new experiences and unexpected situations, you will learn how to adapt to these moments.Simple things such as travelling to new places, trying different foods, challenging yourself with new situations are enough to help you withstand the stress of change better.#6. TOUGHNESS TO KEEP MOVING FORWARD“Achievement seems to be connected with action. Successful men and women keep moving. They make mistakes but they don’t quit.” â€" Conrad HiltonAs you’ve already become aware, the life of an entrepreneur is not easy. But the successful ones have a strong characteristic of staying tough in the face of adversity.These entrepreneurs know that things don’t always go according to plan and the world of business can provide you with your (un)fair-share of setbacks. But no matter what life throws at these entrepreneurs, they will keep marching forward. They have an aura of resilience around them.How to be more resilient?If you want to survive as an entrepreneur, you need to build up resilience. You can do this by building up your confidence. It’s important to trust your own ability to survive and to succeed. If you don’t trust yourself, you can’t keep moving forward when the going gets tough. This resilience and confidence stem also from your ability to take feedback. If you know how to learn from your mistakes, then you can move forward stronger. You realize that negative feedback or mistakes don’t define or destroy you â€" you can use the experiences to grow and to learn, becoming stronger and better as a result.It’s as crucial to understand that some things are out of your control. You need to be able to identify things you can change (not enough customers â€" increase your reach) and those you can’t (customers don’t have enough spending power because of the current economy).The ability to know what things you can change and what you can’t, will equip you to handle things and to let go of worrying about things you can’t control.#7. DESIRE TO COMPETE AND TO WIN“Winners never quit, and quitters never win.” â€" Vince LombardiEntrepreneurs can’t be everybody’s friends. There is no such thing as a participation award in the world of business. Some win and some lose. The most successful entrepreneurs want to win. They like the competition and thrive on the prospect of beating the competition. Ultimately, the aim of an entrepreneur is to be better than the competition and if you don’t have this thirst to win, you won’t succeed.You need the hunger to win. It guarantees you are always working as hard as possible. The need to be the best will ensure you don’t settle for second best but you thrive for greatness each time. Being an entrepreneur is similar to being a top athlete â€" you need the same willingness to put yourself on the line and the hunger to come out on top.How to love competing?It’s important to understand the love for competition doesn’t mean you wish bad for others. Entrepreneurs don’t compete purely for personal gain. They want to win because they believe in their visi on â€" they know others will benefit from their victories.So, you first need to understand this. You need to know that you don’t want to harm other entrepreneurs â€" you just think and know your product or service is the winning one.Be willing to put yourself on the line. Challenge yourself with new experiences and start looking for those clever ways to make your product or service better. Don’t shy away from a healthy competition â€" find the opportunities where you can prove yourself.#8. UNDERSTANDING OF FINANCES AND BUSINESS BASICS (OR THE WILLINGNESS TO LEARN!)“Rule No. 1: never lose money. Rule No. 2: never forget rule number 1.” â€" Warren BuffettGood entrepreneurs need to be good with money â€" it’s as simple as that. There has to be a certain understanding of how business works. You can’t grow a successful business if you don’t know anything about finances or business. Even if you don’t do it all on your own, you’d still need to be smart enough to figure ou t who are those people worth listening to.When it comes to entrepreneurialism, many think it’s just about the big picture. But it isn’t just about the ability to identify these major forces and trends. You do need to have attention to detail and an understanding of how minor things impact the business. Successful entrepreneurs understand what cash flow is and how their taxation impacts the bottom line.How to develop your business skills?While some have an innate ability to understand numbers and the like, the great thing is that it can all be learnt later in life too. You just need to be willing to learn and to listen to those who’ve already made it in the world of business.You should definitely read business books, follow entrepreneurs on social media, check up industry blogs and attend seminars and workshops. Take in everything you can about how to make it as an entrepreneur and how to handle money.Don’t just settle for other people telling you something is a certain way b ut learn about it and ask questions. Don’t be afraid to say when you don’t understand something â€" it’s the only way to learn.#9. CREATIVE AND PROGRESSIVE VIEW OF THE WORLD“You can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backward. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.” â€" Steve JobsSuccess in the world of entrepreneurialism means innovation. The best entrepreneurs are creative creatures â€" they see opportunities in places where others might not. They think outside of the box and introduce us to products and services we sometimes didn’t realize we needed.You need to be willing to this change, as mentioned earlier. You need to be open to it and you need to have a progressive view of the world. You’ll succeed if you understand the world is changing and you need to embrace and innovate this change.How to stay creative?It’s sometimes hard to keep creating when you’ve found a formula that works. But itâ €™s important to constantly stay on the lookout for new ideas â€" you never know what you find.Again, one of the best ways to keep innovating is to keep learning. If you are learning new things and challenging your mind with new ideas, you will learn new ways of looking at things. You don’t want to be stuck with just your industry but to see what entrepreneurs in different sectors and in different countries are doing.By surrounding yourself with new information and different people, you will become more creative and open to ideas. So, don’t be afraid to trial new technology, trying different methods and techniques and meeting people with different mindsets.#10. DETERMINATION IN THE FACE OF DECISIONS“In every success story, you will find someone who has made a courageous decision.” â€" Peter F. DruckerSuccessful entrepreneurs are great at making decisions. Now, this doesn’t always mean they make the right decisions. (Remember how they can face adversity and how they accept risks!)But it does mean they are willing to make those decisions nonetheless. Successful entrepreneurs don’t ponder a decision for weeks and months â€" they understand the opportunity might slip by if they did.The world of business is changing fast. If you don’t move with it, you are going to lose out on opportunities. You can’t ponder decisions for too long â€" sometimes you just need to decide even when you’re not sure of the facts. It all comes down to your ability to tolerate the risks, too.How to become better at decision-making?You need to learn to stop focusing on things that don’t matter. You need to be able to quickly identify those aspects and elements that influence the decision and those that don’t. Mindtools.com has a seven-step formula for decision-making:Step 1. Creating a constructive environmentStep 2. Investigating the situation in detailStep 3. Generating good alternativesStep 4. Exploring the solutionsStep 5. Choosing the best solutionStep 6. Evaluati ng the planStep 7. Communicating the decision and taking actionYou might also want to follow the footsteps of notable entrepreneurs and remove the need to make mindless decisions. There’s a reason Mark Zuckerberg always wears the same colored clothingFinally, it can help to start setting timelines and goals. Not only can it be a motivational tool, as discussed above, but it can also help you become a direct decision-maker. You’ll become better at moving from A to B â€" you have vision.THE CHARACTERISTICS THAT MAKE SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEURSThe above ten characteristics are things all successful entrepreneurs share. If you look at them closely, you notice how they aren’t stand-alone traits people possess or don’t possess.They are connection qualities and behaviors â€" without passion, you can’t find motivation and without your ability to take risks, you can’t ever be decisive in the face of decisions.These qualities can also be enhanced and emboldened. You can learn to find your passion or become better at knowing how the world of business works. That’s the beauty of entrepreneurialism. If you got the spark, you can probably recognize yourself from the text.

Prisons Prisons And Prisons - 1332 Words

Jails and Prisons Comparison Paper Throughout history, the general public often misinterprets the difference between jails and prisons. For long confinement terms, jails are not used to hold sentenced offenders. However, jails are the oldest of the correctional components. According to Seiter (2011), jails were initiated prior to halfway houses, parole, probation, or prisons. Also, jails hold various offenders such as those being held administratively for a criminal justice agency, waiting to transfer to another facility, being detained a pending trial, and also arrested (Seiter, 2011, chap. 3). Serving a sentence of one or more years, prisons are institutions designed to house adult offenders. In criminal corrections and justice, prisons†¦show more content†¦(Seiter, 2011, chap. 3). For English prisons and jails, four requirements were created from the Penitentiary Act: (1) a reformatory regime in which inmates were confined in solitary cells but worked in common rooms duri ng the day, (2) abolition of fees charged to inmates, (3) systematic inspections, and (4) secure and sanitary structures (Seiter, 2011, p.73). According to the CJi Interactive Multimedia (2011), a jail is a city, county or regional confinement facility that has custodial authority over arrested adults. Generally, individuals who have been sentenced for less than one year are jailed convicted criminals. Other jailed detainees may be confined for non-punishment reasons: pending arraignment, contempt, or protective custody. Due to the inmates’ transient nature, minimal programs and services are provided. Also, available are community-based programs such as work release or home detention. Jailed detainees may consist of: first-time offenders needing security, sick individuals, recalcitrant journalists, hardened criminals, men and women, and juveniles (CJi Interactive Multimedia, 2011). History of State and Federal Prisons To effectively satisfy the correctional goals of incapacitation, deterrence, and punishment, a strengthened public attitude towards criminals has helped to sanction state and federal prisons over

Compare and Contrast Two Views of Gay Marriage Essay

William Bennett, editor of The Book of Virtues and co-director of Empower America, responded to an article that Andrew Sullivan had written supporting gay marriage in America. Bennett started out by first issuing two key points as to what divides the proponents and opponents of same-sex marriages. The two articles are derived from Sibylle Gruber’s Constructing Others: Constructing Ourselves edition. Bennett notions that legalizing same-sex marriage would weaken the meaning of it and outlines what the basic concept of marriage is. Throughout the article Bennett argues why same-sex marriage should not be legalized by moving from religion to the traditional concept of marriage between men and women, which he claims has a†¦show more content†¦Responding to Sullivan’s article, William Bennett argues, â€Å"Marriage is based on natural teleology, on the different, complementary nature of men and women and how they refine, support, encourage and complete one anot her† (27). The battle of marriage between gay couples is one of the most intense and relentless arguments in today’s society. Sullivan tries to express his ideas on how same-sex marriage is only the righteous thing to do for all gay men and women in America by establishing a sense of equality among U.S. citizens. Bennett responds by arguing that if same-sex marriage is allowed throughout the U.S., it would deter the meaning of marriage and the youth of our nation. Throughout the debate between the two individuals, Bennett painstakingly implies that Sullivan has a loose argument that is full of holes. Sullivan’s article is full of sexual biases, which defends his own purpose for writing the article (27-29). As Bennett established his reason for opposing gay marriage, President Bush also seems to believe the same reasons. Bush’s support for an amendment proposed to banning gay marriage is not taken lightly to individuals, such as when Dean E. Murphy writes that Mayor Gavin Newsom recalled Mr. Bush’s remarks againstShow MoreRelatedEssay on Compare and Contrast Two Views of Gay Marriage601 Words   |  3 Pagestoday is gay marriages. Many believe that the media is primly responsible for the idea of same-sex marriages, but when it all comes down to it there are really only two sides; those who support gay marriages, and those who oppose them. Two authors write their opinions on their opposite views on this issue. Sullivan (2002) supports same-sex marriages and believes marriage to be a universal right, not just restricted to heterosexuals. Contrary to Sullivan, Bennett (2002) believes that marriage is aRead MoreGay Marriage1041 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Eri n Krogstad Compare-Contrast Synthesis 10/11/2013 English 111x Gay Marriage Gay marriage is a topic that is heavily debated in this day and age. 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According to the LGBT, their strategy is not only fighting for their own beliefs on gay marriage and persuading judges and government officials, but also trying to effectively change the way society thinks and views these rightsRead MoreThe Aspect Of Religious Expression Essay1534 Words   |  7 Pages The aspect of religious expression that I have chosen is Gay marriage. Gay marriage or same-sex marriage was passed by the house of representatives in new zealand on 19th August 2013. With the world slowly adjusting to the views of same-sex marriage NZ joined as the 13th country to recognise and support it as a legal civil union. Civil union is the recognition of two people being in a union as a legal status without religious input. Despite New Zealand being a predominantly secular society i willRead MoreHeterosexual And Homosexuality Marriage. Marriage Is Considering1449 Words   |  6 PagesHeterosexual and homosexuality marriage Marriage is considering to be several distinct aspects of life: friendship and companion ship, sexual relations, love, conversation, procreation and child-rearing, and mutual responsibility. Making compromises and putting someone else first rather than yourself. My view on the purpose of marriage is being able to wake up to your best friend every day, being able to buy your first home together, plan for children, plan your future together as one and to be happyRead MoreAnalysis Of Andrew Sullivan s Article Why Gay Marriage Is Good For Straight America 1621 Words   |  7 Pagesarticle â€Å"Why Gay Marriage is Good for Straight America.† He is an experienced publicist, and he is homosexual. Sullivan argues that every person has the right to get married disregarding his or her orientation. Richard Rodriguez who is also a famous publicist composed â€Å"Family Values.† Like Sullivan, he is homosexual and he discusses it in his work. Rodriguez and Sullivan share many vie wpoints related to homosexuality, but they disagree about the appropriateness of homosexual marriage – Sullivan is

Terrorism Case Study Free Essays

Caless (2012) defines terrorism as † the threat or use of violence to further a political agenda for change by inducing widespread fear†. However, experts have been debating over a clear definition for terrorism for over 100 years. Although the word was first used over 200 years ago when discussing the Reign of Terror (Whitaker, 2001). We will write a custom essay sample on Terrorism Case Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now Consequently, there have been over 100 definitions offered for terrorism (Laqueur, 1977, cited in Martin, 2013). Alex Schmid’s (2004) research also illustrates the lack of clarity surrounding the definition. And most experts believe that an impartial and universal recognised definition will never be agreed upon (Ganor, 2002). With the lack of clarity surrounding the definition, a further question arises; who is classed as a terrorist? This is reflected in the well known phrase â€Å"one man’s freedom fighter, is another man’s terrorist. † (Gerald Seymour, 1975, cited in Ganor, 2002). Overall, it is agreed, that this depends on the subjective viewpoint of the individual (Ganor, 2002; Jackson, 2008; Corte, 2007). The Just War doctrine is an â€Å"ideal and moralistic philosophy† (Martin, 2013). It asks questions such as â€Å"what types of force are morally acceptable? † and â€Å"who can morally be defined as an enemy? † This notion is usually used by ideological and religious extremists, in order to justify their own acts of extreme violence. A prime example of religious extremists is the ‘jihadi Islamic fundamentalists’, the term jihad means a sacred â€Å"struggle† but is manifested by some radical Muslim clerics as a holy war and therefore perceived that their war is a â€Å"just war† (Martin, 2013). This paper will endeavour to answer the question; Did University College London (UCL) further radicalise Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab? There have been many debates, theories and investigations surrounding this question, many of which will be analysed throughout. Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab (born 22 December 1986) is a Nigerian Islamist who attempted to detonate plastic explosives in his underwear whilst travelling from Amsterdam to Detroit, on Christmas Day 2009, on the Northwest Airlines Flight 253. In January 2005 Abdulmutallab joined an Islamic forum under the pseudonym â€Å"Farouk1986† (Now Public, 2009). He frequently contributed to the forum. His postings normally gave advice to other forum members, although on occasion he expressed more personal views. These included his â€Å"jihad fantasies†, describing how â€Å"Muslims will win and rule the world† and prays to Allah to â€Å"unite us all Muslims and give us victory over those who do not believe†. The majority of his postings illustrate his loneliness and his struggle to contain his â€Å"sexual drive†, and he goes on to urge fellow forum users to limit their activities to â€Å"Islamically good† and to only â€Å"hang around with good Muslims who enjoy studying†. Throughout his postings in the forum he maintains that he is memorising the Quran (Islamic Forum, 2005). These postings illustrate that Abdulmutallab’s views on the Islamic religion, are very similar to Salafism or Olivier Roy’s neo-fundamentalism (see: Social Science Research Council). This is shown with his fixation on personal faith, and is also portrayed when he praises Shaykhs Saud as-Shuraim and Abdul Rahman as Sudais (Islamic Forum, 2005). Another radical Muslim he mentions is Abdullah el-Faisal, who is currently in prison in the UK for influencing his supporters to murder Jews, Hindus and Americans (Forest, 2012). Some of the media (Gardham, 2009) focused on Abdulmutallab’s love for football and this is clearly seen within his postings online. However, by November 15th 2005, he had turned against it stating â€Å"Let’s save our honor and religion and try to stay away from football and do sporting activities that are more Islamically beneficial†¦ running, paintball, archery (or any other sport of the like that teaches [how to] target and aim). † (Islamic Forum, 2005). There are many different theories as to where Abdulmutallab was further radicalised, the one that will be discussed in this paper is the possibility hat University College London (UCL) and it’s Islamic Society were the perpetrators. During the investigation of the attempted attack of Flight 253, the University College of London (UCL) had held their own investigation of their Islamic Society and although the evidence holds strongly against them, as will be seen throughout this paper, they came to th eir own conclusion that   there was â€Å"no evidence to suggest either that Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab was radicalised while a student at UCL, or that conditions at UCL during that time or subsequently were conducive to the radicalisation of students. (UCL, 2010). Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab began university, in September 2005, during a peak of Islamist activity in the UK, there were events organised by Ikhwan (Ikhwan Web, 2005)  and Jamaat-e-Islami inspired groups that were being held weekly and their influence over British Islam was steadily increasing (Hitchens, 2010). This year is an important one, as the emergence of the first Islamic militant groups in Bangladesh (Kabir, 2005) were seen and Islam became the official religion of Iraq (Islamopedia Online). British Islamists were exploiting the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and implicating the Western governments with the â€Å"war on Islam and Muslims,† (Hitchens, 2010). According to Islamist’s, Western Muslims, had a duty to stand up for their religion and fight back using peaceful methods (O’Connor, 2012). The â€Å"Stop Police Terror† lecture was given by Awlaki at the East London Mosque in 2003 (YouTube, 2011). The listed supporters of this group could be found on the Stop Political Terror website, and interestingly UCL was among this list (Stop Political Terror, 2003-2005). The aims of this campaign was to urge Muslims to fight against the â€Å"anti-terrorist police† and to alert them of â€Å"the deteriorating situation in the UK and the scale of arrests, raids and abuse meted out [against Muslims] by Anti-Terrorist Police. † The campaign statement also included a clear warning: â€Å"Britain’s Muslims, as a community, will refuse to cooperate with the law enforcement authorities  if  this abuse continues. † (Stop Political Terror, 2003-2005). During this time, the Federation of Student Islamic Societies (FOSIS) ran another campaign alongside â€Å"Stop Political Terror. , issuing further explicit statements -â€Å"previously, it was Muslims themselves under attack, now the agenda [is] to attack Islam, its principles †¦ New laws making it an offence †¦ aim to divide and weaken the Muslim community. † And â€Å"The relative concept of ‘extremism’ is being used to condemn Muslims from very diverse political viewpoints. † (Hitchens, 2010). The perception of a Western â€Å"war on Islam† is one of the key recruitment tools of global jihadist groups like al-Qaeda (Home Office, 2011). Therefore, it is clear that Abdulmutallab was absorbed in an protesting setting, and this appeared to him to give value and objective, to his already pre-existing neo-fundamentalist attitude and personal discontent (loneliness). It is also apparent from his previous online statements, that he was vulnerable to the indoctrination; â€Å"I hope to get over my loneliness when I go to university†¦ where there are usually Islamic groups [and] clubs with good Muslims† (Islamic Forum, 2005). His obsession with Islam is clearly illustrated with the amount of time he devoted to the group, and after a year of starting university he was already president of UCL’s Islamic Society (Irvine, 2009). Terrorist groups are also known to use the media to their advantage. As terrorism is â€Å"not limited to specific locales or regions† and the media has allowed everybody to witness some form of terror. Knowing this terrorist groups can therefore understand the power of the images and manipulate them to their advantage (Martin, 2013). Gus Martin (2013) explains the media frenzy surrounding terrorism, and describes the 21st century as being â€Å"an era of globalized terrorism†. Another key recruitment tool that jihad groups use is the internet (US Department of Defense, 2007). Sites such as Facebook, (Torok, 2011) and the creation of websites that can be regionalised. Although governments monitor the websites and, if necessary shut them down, another website can be made and the process can start again (McNeal, 2008). It is clear that Abdulmutallab was a fan of internet use, with his frequent postings on the Islamic Forum. Awlaki could also be an key element in the â€Å"jihad internet recruitment† process. The media present him as the â€Å"Bin Laden of the internet† (Madhani 2010; CNN, 2011). He was  a Muslim lecturer and spiritual leader who had been accused of being a senior al-Qaeda â€Å"effective global recruiter† (Telegraph, 2012) and motivator. He is thought to have given a series of video link lectures at the East London Mosque (Gilligan, 2010). They however, categorically deny this ever took place, and deny that Abdulmutallab even attended the Mosque (East London Mosque, 2010). The University of Westminster Islamic Society are alleged to have ties with Awlaki. Another Islamic Forum announced him as a guest at University of Westminster Islamic Society Annual Dinner in 2006 (Ummah Forum, 2006). Along with these connections Awlaki is also suspected to have had â€Å"recruited† Abdulmutallab before the attack. According to Fox News, an FBI bulletin states that Awlaki showed Abdulmutallab â€Å"how to detonate the bomb† (Catherine Herridge, 2011). Research carried out by the University of Cambridge suggest that â€Å"the majority of young British Muslims are opposed to political Islam, and are more likely to join Amnesty International† (Cambridge University, 2008). This was criticised, when Anthony Glees accused Cambridge of trying to prove that British universities are not â€Å"hotbeds of Islamic radicalism† and called the research â€Å"flimsy and uncompelling† (Lipsett, 2008). Their research was argued against by the Centre for Social Cohesion (CSC), who stated that â€Å"Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab was radicalised at University College London†, and goes on to describe British universities as the â€Å"breeding grounds of Islamic extremism†(Centre for Social Cohesion, 2010). They describe themselves as the â€Å"Centre [that] has been at the forefront of the debate on what role Universities should play in ensuring that British students do not fall victim to the ideology of violent Islamism. † (Centre for Social Cohesion, 2010). They went on to completely contradict Cambridge Universities report, and suggested within the report that Islamic extremism will â€Å"flourish†. This statement was further supported when Abdulmutallab became the fifth president of a UK Islamic society to face terrorist charges (Weiss, 2011). The vulnerability of Abdulmutallab along with the recruitment tools of jihadist groups illustrate how easily individuals can slip beyond this porous boundary rapidly and very often unnoticed. Since the September 11th attack on the World Trade Center, it has become apparent that Al-Qaeda are focusing on mobilising Western Muslims to commit â€Å"lone-wolf† terror (RUSI, 2012). This evidence is supported by the ICSR (2011) who describe Awlaki’s role as â€Å"ideological rather than operational† and explain that the greatest threat he poses is the mobilisation of Western Muslims through his sermons and therefore expanding the jihadi movement. Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab’s extremist views are apparent very early on. Although, as his loneliness grew, so did his radical views. It appears that he was trying to fight his urges to act upon these views time after time. Abdulmutallab was quite clearly an â€Å"extremist† turned â€Å"terrorist†, as it is clearly defined by Martin (2013); â€Å"extremists† who violently act out their extremist beliefs are â€Å"terrorists†. It is clear that his time at UCL and within the Islamic Society unquestionably played a part in Abdulmutallab’s further radicalisation when examining the evidence discussed. It is also remarkable to see that UCL was among the list of supporters of the Stop Police Terror campaigns, almost condemning themselves of the radicalisation. They contradicted themselves when they released their findings that â€Å"no evidence to suggest †¦ that conditions at UCL †¦ [are] conducive to the radicalisation of students. † (UCL, 2010). It is noted that Cambridge University’s ‘flimsy’ research could support the UCL’s outcome, but then could this research, with their ‘bad press’, also diminish their findings. Overall, there are many factors that led to the radicalisation of Abdulmutallab, his state of mind, his vulnerability, and the people that he was associated with within the Islamic Society. Therefore, the UCL was not completely at fault, it was also the fundamentalists, that infiltrated the system and took advantage of a vulnerable, young Muslim. References Caless, B (2012) ‘Terrorism and Political Violence: Introduction, Overview and the Problem with Definitions. (Accessed: 5 December 2012). Cambridge University (2008) ‘Campus radicalism fears too extreme? ‘ Available at: http://www. cam. ac. k/research/news/campus-radicalism-fears-too-extreme/ (Accessed: 5 December 2012). CNN Online (2011) ‘ Al-Awlaki: Who was he? ‘, CNN Online, Available at: http://security. blogs. cnn. com/2011/09/30/al-awlaki-who-was-he/ (Accessed: 5 December, 2012). De La Corte, L (2007) ‘Explaining Terrorism: A Psychosocial Approach’  Perspectives on Terrorism, Nort h America, Vol. No. 2 [Online] Available at: http://www. terrorismanalysts. com/pt/index. php/pot/article/view/8. (Accessed: 5 Dec. 2012). East London Mosque (2010) ‘ East London Mosque and London Muslim Centre  Ã‚   Statement on Anwar Awlaki’ [Online] Available at: http://www. astlondonmosque. org. uk/uploadedImage/pdf/2010_11_07_15_44_46_Awlaki%20Statement%206%20Nov10%20-%20Full%20Statement. pdf (Accessed: 5 December, 2012) East London Mosque (2010) ‘ Sunday Mirror publish ELM letter’ [Online] Available at: http://www. eastlondonmosque. org. uk/archive/news/243 (Acccessed: 5 December, 2012). Forest, J (2012) ‘Perception Challenges Faced by Al-Qaeda on the Battlefield of Influence Warfare. ‘  Perspectives on Terrorism, North America, Vol. 6, No. 2. [Online] Available at: http://www. terrorismanalysts. com/pt/index. hp/pot/article/view/forest-perception-challenges. (Accessed: 05 Dec. 2012). Ganor, B. (2002) ‘Defining Terrorism- Is One Man’s Terrorist Another Man’s Freedom Fighter? ‘. International Institute for Counter-Terrorism [Online]. Available at: http://www. ict. org. il/ResearchPublications/tabid/64/Articlsid/432/Default. aspx#Defining_Terrorism:_The_Present_Situation (Accessed: 1 December 2012). Gardham, D. (2009) ‘ Detroit bomber: internet forum traces journey from lonely schoolboy to Islamic fundamentalist’, The Telegraph, 30 December 2009 [Online]. Available at: http://www. telegraph. o. uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/6910776/Detroit-bo mber-internet-forum-traces-journey-from-lonely-schoolboy-to-Islamic-fundamentalist. html. (Accessed: 5 December 2012). Gilligan, A (2010) â€Å"East London Mosque: the terrorist question and the lies†, The Telegraph, 2 November 2010 [Online]. Available at: http://blogs. telegraph. co. uk/news/andrewgilligan/100061920/east-london-mosque-the-terrorist-connection-and-the-lies/ (Accessed: 5 December 2012). Gregory S. McNeal (2008) . â€Å"Cyber Embargo: Countering the Internet Jihad†Ã‚  , Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, vol. 9, pp. 789-826. [Online] Available at: http://works. bepress. com/gregorymcneal/15 (Accessed 1 December 2012) Herridge, C (2011). ‘ Awlaki Trained Suspected Christmas Jet Bomber How to Detonate Underwear, Document Reveals’. Fox News, 4 October 2011 [Online] Available at:  http://www. foxnews. com/us/2011/10/04/al-awlaki-trained-suspected-christmas-day-jet-bomber-how-to-detonate-underwear/#ixzz2ECpGaSXS (Accessed:5 December 2012). Hitchens, A (2010) ‘The Making of the Christmas Day Bomber’, Current Trends in Islamist Ideology, Vol. 10 [Online]. Available at: http://currenttrends. rg/research/detail/the-making-of-the-christmas-day-bomber (Accesed: 29 November 2012). Home Office (2011) Contest: The United Kingdom’s Strategy for Countering terrorism. London: The Stationery Office. (Cm. 8123). [Online] Available at: http://www. homeo ffice. gov. uk/publications/counter-terrorism/counter-terrorism-strategy/strategy-contest? view=Binary (Accessed: 2 December 2012). ICSR (The International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation)(2011) ‘ICSR Insight: How Anwar al-Awlaki Became the Face of Western Jihad’. [Online] Available at: http://icsr. nfo/2011/09/icsr-insight-how-anwar-al-awlaki-became-the-face-of-western-jihad/ (Accessed: 5 December, 2012). Irvine, C (2009) ‘ Detroit terror attack: suspect president of university Islamic society’, The Telegraph, 29 December 2009 [Online]. Available at: http://www. telegraph. co. uk/news/uknews/terrorism-in-the-uk/6902785/Detroit-terror-attack-suspect-president-of-university-Islamic-society. html (Accessed: 5 December, 2012) Ikhwan Web (2005) International Religious Freedom Report 2005. Available at: http://www. ikhwanweb. com/article. php? id=13543ref=search. php How to cite Terrorism Case Study, Free Case study samples

Journal Entry, Hermaphrodite or Intersex

Socialization, as an important aspect of personality formation, enables one to acquire the behaviors, beliefs, and accumulated knowledge of the society. For hermaphrodites or intersex individuals, fitting into the society is usually a difficult task. These individuals have both the male and female sex chromosomes. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Journal Entry, Hermaphrodite or Intersex specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, they are not easily distinguishable as either male or female. On looking at the mirror, it is straightforward that we are either male or female; however, there are individuals waling around each day who have the same physical features like us but are hermaphrodites from birth. Intersex people, who do not have a clear-cut difference of their sex, have to live a life of pain and uncertainty as they try to find their right place in the society. Because of this, some of them feel ashamed a nd hide their real identity to people. Currently, there are thousands of people born with this condition who need our help to be regarded as part of the society. If I found out that one of my family members or close associates is a hermaphrodite or intersex, I would recognize him or her as a fellow human being who is capable of feelings and worthy of respect. I mean it is not right for me to regard the fellow as an outcast simply because s/he is neither a man nor a woman. The society has been shying off from discussing this subject. Most families prefer to keep it a secret when one of their members is suffering from this condition. But one thing is for sure, as much as I can be compelled by my other family members or close associates to keep it a secret, I won’t shy off from sharing with other people on how I can assist him/her so that s/he can not feel left behind in the cultural consciousness. This is because understanding the condition is crucial when one wants to accept them. Moreover, it would remove any fears that I might be having about the hermaphrodites.Advertising Looking for essay on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the article, The Five Sexes: Why Male and Female and Are Not Enough published in 1983, Anne Fausto-Sterling lays out her vision of sexual multiplicity composed of five different sexes: male, female, merm, ferm, and herm. By her definition, she calls the male pseudohermaphrodites, who have testes and some elements of the female reproductive system, the â€Å"merms.† The female pseudohermaphrodites, who have ovaries and some elements of the male reproductive system, she refers to as the â€Å"ferms.† And lastly, the â€Å"herms† are the true hermaphrodites having a mixture of male and female attributes. She proposes that the three subcategories among â€Å"intersex† deserve to be regarded as additional sexes besides male and fe male since they posses varied characteristics and their inner lives have not been explored by science. This article has failed to affect the view I have about intersex people. This is because she seems not to be considering the interests of intersexual people. The so-called â€Å"five sexes† theory fails to assist individuals with intersex conditions since it is not only confusing, but also exoticizes and sensationalizes such individuals. The use of such discrete categories to describe the three subcategories of intersex is very artificial and do not mean anything to the well-being of an individual suffering from such a condition. This essay on Journal Entry, Hermaphrodite or Intersex was written and submitted by user Ally Dunn to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.